A

Canada’s Fifty Years In Space by Dr Gordon Shepherd and Agnes Kruchio

ISBN 978-1-894959-72-8

ACTORS (Atlantic Canada Thin Organic Semiconductors) 199, 273

Aerial 26, 45, 47-48, 150-152

Aerobee rocket 22-23, 100-101, 108, 110, 140, 142-144, 146

AFCRL (Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories) 7, 63, 69, 134, 273

AFOSR (Air Force Office of Scientific Research) 63, 273

Airglow 35, 42, 72, 74-75, 91, 100, 122-123, 171, 180-181, 212, 218, 222, 225, 229

AIT (Advanced Information Technologies) 174-175, 273

Akasofu, Syun-Ichi 93-94

Akebono (satellite) 9, 184-185, 214, 260

Alaska 65, 83-84, 91, 93, 117, 133, 143, 152, 170, 207, 214, 227

Alberta 21, 29, 44, 51, 78-79, 83, 88, 127, 159, 195, 220, 228, 249, 252, 260

Alfven, Hannes 81, 139, 147, 187, 262

Algonquin Radio Observatory 52, 229-230, 273

All-sky 59, 90-92, 94-97, 100, 109, 150, 236

Alouette I 33, 83, 102, 128-130, 132-133, 137-138, 140, 159

Alouette II 133, 138

Amundsen, Roald 25

Anger, Clifford 69, 94, 128, 135-136, 150, 182-183, 212

Ångström, Anders 42

Anik (satellite) 13, 131, 156-157

Antarctic 33, 41, 57, 78-79, 86, 88, 92, 178, 208, 226

Antenna 52, 62, 66-67, 83, 109, 129, 134, 168, 205-207, 229-231

Apollo-Soyuz 9, 170, 261, 263

Appleton, Edward 26, 45-47, 171

Arcas rocket 83, 144, 146, 150

Arctic 19, 25-26, 33-35, 39, 49, 56-57, 63, 85-86, 94, 97, 99, 104, 108-109, 123, 141, 151, 156-157, 164, 168, 170, 178, 189, 204-205, 207-208, 233, 237, 241, 249-252, 259, 262, 267

ARF (Aquatic Research Facility) 9, 195, 201, 273

Associate Committee on Space Research 21, 28, 49, 159, 163, 273

Astrobee rocket 144, 146

ASTROLAB 178, 241

Astronaut 9, 14, 83, 113, 159, 173, 178-179, 181, 193-198, 201-202, 204, 264, 268

ASTROSAT 10, 236-237, 260, 276

Atmosphere 8, 13-14, 18, 21, 23, 26, 35, 40, 42-43, 45-46, 51, 56, 60, 72-75, 80, 83, 85-86, 92, 96, 98-101, 103-108, 110-111, 115, 118, 121-127, 132, 136, 139-140, 146-147, 150, 155-156, 161, 171, 174, 176, 178-180, 189, 208-212, 215, 217-228, 231, 237, 240-241, 243, 245-247, 250-252, 259, 263-264, 272, 275-276

Atmospheric electricity 35, 45

Atomic energy 30, 49, 89, 117, 128, 163, 273

Aurora 7-8, 13, 20, 22, 25-26, 35-36, 39-42, 52, 54-56, 59, 61-62, 65-69, 71-74, 79-81, 83, 87-88, 90-97, 100, 103, 105-111, 118, 122-124, 133, 135-137, 145-146, 148-149, 161, 164, 166-168, 176, 181-183, 187, 209, 213, 217, 262, 266

Auroral camera 74, 105, 180

Auroral oval 41-42, 94, 137-138, 183, 187

Auroral photography 39-40, 65

Auroral radar 7, 61, 65-66, 68-69, 74, 90, 92, 118, 226, 276

Auroral Scanning Photometer 128, 135-137, 273

Auroral spectrum 71, 107, 110, 124

Avro Arrow 17, 256

Axford, W. Ian 117, 138, 154

Bachynski, Morrel 68, 73, 241

Ballard, B.G. (Guy) 49

Ballistics 45, 50-51

Balloon 9, 40, 83, 92, 100, 123-124, 128, 162, 177-178, 218, 229, 237, 273, 275

Banting, Frederick 48

Barringer Research 172

Barrington, Ron 116, 138, 159-160, 176

Bates, David 71, 80-81

Bennett, Richard Bedford 30-31, 47, 170

Berkner, Lloyd 55, 85

Bernath, Peter 223-224

Birkeland, Kristian 107, 262

Black, John 94

Black Brant rocket 83, 108, 125, 140-146, 164-166, 257-258, 262

Blackett, P.M.S. 162-163

BLAST (Balloon-borne Large Aperture Sub-millimetre Telescope) 10, 237, 273

BNSC (British National Space Centre) 261-262, 273

Bolts 267, 271

Bomem 218, 223, 257

Bondar, Roberta 178, 181, 194

Borden, Sir Robert 28

Borra, Ermanno 263-264

Boulding, Dave 137, 139

Bowles, Ken 83

Boyle, Robert 29, 44

Brace, Larry 133, 136

Brazil 131, 262

Brazilsat 157

Brewer, Alan 221

British Columbia 21, 28, 52, 55, 77-79, 87, 121, 195-196, 201, 207, 218, 229, 237, 276

Broadfoot, Lyle 74

Brock University 94

Buijs, Henry 218

Bull, Gerald Vincent 114-115, 127

Burrows, Ron 136, 138-139, 184

CAL Corporation 173-174, 183, 225, 257

Calgary 9, 99, 120, 127-128, 136-137, 154, 177, 182-183, 185, 187-188, 195, 212, 216-217, 223, 228, 231, 244-245, 260-261, 264

Cambridge 7, 18, 29, 43, 45, 54, 63-64, 71-72, 76, 79, 81-82, 91, 105, 107, 113, 117, 134, 220, 234, 257, 273

Camera 20, 39, 45, 54, 59, 62, 67-68, 74, 90-97, 100, 105, 109, 179-180, 182-183, 188, 211, 214, 232, 236, 243, 250, 252, 274

Canada Centre for Remote Sensing 8, 150, 154, 192

Canada Centre for Space Science 162, 185, 191, 273

Canadian Association of Physicists 83, 159, 216, 273

CANEX-2 194-195

CanX-2 265

CAPE (Canadian Protein Crystallization Experiment) 9, 202-203, 273

Cape Parry 148, 164-169

CARDE (Canadian Armament Research and Development Establishment ) 21, 50-51, 74, 100-102, 114, 118, 121, 123, 127, 140-142, 144, 177, 212, 218, 273

Carnegie Institute 33, 35, 56

Carswell, Allan 11, 127, 240-242, 244-247, 249, 251, 253

CASSIOPE 14, 217, 264

CCD 182-183, 211, 216, 219, 222, 232, 234, 265, 273

Chapman, John 11, 19, 21-22, 24, 57, 60, 89, 113, 120, 131-132, 152-156, 158, 193, 202, 265.

Chapman, Sidney 56, 72, 80-81, 85, 139, 147, 262.

Chapman report 113, 120, 132, 154-156, 265

Chesterfield Inlet 7, 25-26, 33-36, 38-42, 53, 73, 75, 96-97, 100, 108, 226, 267

China 176, 187, 199, 220, 228, 255, 260-261, 272

Chinese records 106

Chinook 9, 225-226, 261, 264-265

Churchill 8, 19-20, 22-25, 35, 43, 53, 56, 59, 83, 90-93, 95-101, 107-110, 113, 116, 118, 120, 124, 135, 140-144, 147-148, 154, 161-165, 167, 170, 177, 188, 262, 273

Clyde River 56

CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales) 174, 213, 261, 273

Cogger, Leroy 11, 128, 137, 183, 188, 212

COM DEV 175, 185, 205, 207, 216, 220, 234, 257

Communications Research Centre 57, 59, 67, 101, 130-131, 156, 273

Connes, Pierre 209, 217

Corona 103

Cosmic Background Radiation 9, 217-218, 223, 229, 273

Cosmic rays 8, 20, 23-24, 26, 45, 49, 79, 87, 89-90, 98-99, 105, 117, 160, 163

COSPAR 20, 22-28, 30-32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42-44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74-76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110-114, 116-118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170, 172, 174-176, 178, 180, 182, 184, 186, 188, 190, 192, 194, 196, 198, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 214, 216, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232-234, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246, 248, 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, 260, 262, 264, 266, 268, 270, 272-274, 276

Covington, Arthur 52, 88, 98

CRC 58, 60, 84, 86, 131, 134-135, 137-138, 141, 154, 156-159, 162, 173, 181, 188, 192, 213-214, 228, 273

Creutzberg, Fokke 11, 149-150, 167, 169, 213

Cronyn, Hume 28-29

CSA (Canadian Space Agency) 9, 11, 14, 53, 77, 84, 120, 126, 132, 154, 158, 160, 180-181, 184, 191-196, 198-205-209, 213-214, 216-217, 220-221, 223-225, 228, 231, 235-238, 242, 245-250, 252-253, 256-258, 264-265, 267, 269, 273

CSAGI (Comité Spécial de l’Année Géophysique Internationale) 85-86, 90-91, 273

Currie, Balfour 7-8, 11, 25-26, 33-42, 53-54, 59-62, 64-66, 68-69, 72-73, 75, 80, 84, 88, 90-91, 94-95, 97, 100, 104, 107-108, 118, 120-121, 126, 226, 228, 267

Cylindrical Electrostatic Probe 136, 273

Davies, Frank 7, 11, 25-26, 33-34, 37, 39-42, 45, 53, 55-60, 64-66, 73, 88, 90, 97, 116, 118, 126, 131, 226, 267

De Havilland Aircraft 25, 114, 129, 134, 155, 276

De Mairan, Jean Jacques 106

Deep River 99

Defence Research Board 8, 20-22, 26, 51, 61, 113-114, 273

Diefenbaker, John G. 17, 49, 83

Distant Early Warning 61, 97, 164, 273

Dobson, G.M.B. 92, 220-221

Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory 52, 60, 98, 161, 229, 273

Donahue, Tom 171, 261

Doppler 23, 68, 72, 100, 107, 166, 168, 172-173, 206, 210, 225, 236, 265, 273, 276

Doré, Roland 193

DRB (Defence Research Board) 21, 26, 51, 58-60, 65-66, 68, 72, 81-82, 84, 88-90, 92, 96-97, 113-114, 116-118, 124, 126-129, 151, 154, 156, 192, 273

D-region 56

DREV (Defence Research Establishment Valcartier) 9, 176-177, 244, 274

DRTE (Defence Research Telecommunications Establishment) 7-8, 21, 24, 26-27, 51-52, 57-60, 65-68, 82-84, 88-90, 97, 101, 107, 115-116, 126, 128-131, 133-135, 138, 140-141, 154-156, 193, 229, 273, 274

Earth current 40

East Quoddy 163

Eaton, Sir John 48, 80

Eclipse 25, 42, 46-47, 52, 60, 83, 103, 163

Eggleston,Wilfred 27, 31

EIMS (Energetic Ion Mass Spectrometer) 173, 274

Eisenhower, Dwight 17, 31, 83, 86, 263

Electric fields 8, 119, 146-148, 169-170, 213, 216

Elvey, Christian 91

e-OSTEO 9, 202

E-region 46-47, 56

ESA (European Space Agency) 77, 132, 157-158, 170, 193, 196, 198, 200, 202, 204, 208, 216, 222-223, 225, 233-235, 240, 255, 257, 259-263, 268, 273

Evans, Mac 181,193, 205

Evans, Wayne 11, 123-125, 164, 166, 177-178, 180, 189, 212, 223

Farley, Donald 69

Feldstein, Yasha 42, 94

Fia, Al 142

Fine Error Sensor 232, 274

Fisher, Dave 249

Fleming, Sir Sandford 106

Forsyth, Peter 11, 21, 33, 48, 54, 61-62, 65-69, 74, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 95, 101, 115-116, 118, 127, 155, 159-161, 169, 179, 226

Fort Sik-Sik 38-40

Foster, George 28

Foster, J.S. 69

Fourier Transform Spectroscopy 121, 217, 229

Fowler, Barry 11, 197, 203-4, 228

Franklin, John 25

Franklin squirrel 38

Franklni, Colin 130

Fraunhofer 70

F-region 26, 46-47, 59, 115, 138, 212, 226

Freja mission 9, 128, 186-188, 214-216, 221, 262, 265

FUSE 10, 232-233, 236, 274

Garneau, Marc 14, 173, 178-181, 193-195, 197, 199, 224-225, 253, 257, 265

Gattinger, Dick 72, 122, 212, 223

Gault, Bill 125, 212

Gauss, Carl Friedrich 106

GEODESIC 217

Geomagnetism 7, 64, 76-77, 81, 87-90, 92

Gerson, Nate 7, 11, 61-67, 69, 75-77, 80-81, 84, 86, 147, 228

Gold 34, 57, 82, 89, 105, 116, 211, 231

Gravity Probe B 10, 173, 238-239, 274

Greeks 106

Gregory, John 126,

Gregory, Alan 151, 153

Gun 45, 52, 73, 107, 114-115, 127, 160, 169

Gush, Herb 72-73, 118, 121, 217-218, 221, 229, 241, 253

Hadfield, Chris 195, 197

Halley, Edmund 106, 226, 263

Hampson, John 123, 177, 189

Harang, Leiv 61, 262

Harang, Ové 209

Harrington, Ertle Leslie 34, 72

Hartz, Ted R. 88, 116, 128, 134, 154, 158-159, 189

Heikkila, Walter 101, 116, 134, 136-137, 140

Henderson, John T. 7, 45-49, 60, 83, 128

Hermes 131-132, 158, 174-175, 192, 205

Herschel mission 10, 233-235, 260

Hersom, Rudy 212

Herzberg, Gerhard 54-55, 65, 71-72, 81, 116, 122, 125, 161

Herzberg, Luise 116

HIA (Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics) 60, 89, 161, 163, 173, 183-184, 215, 232, 236, 241, 273

Hines, Colin 7, 81-82, 84, 87, 115-117, 138, 154, 212

Hirao, Kunio 77, 148, 164, 166

Hoover, Herbert 34, 57

Huancayo 55, 68, 84, 91

Hudson’s Bay 36, 56, 99

Hunten, Donald M. 8, 11, 69-75, 80, 86, 88, 90-91, 95-96, 100, 109, 118, 122-126, 176, 183, 221, 226, 261

Hutchings, John 11, 232-233, 236-237

Huygens spacecraft 74, 259

Hydroxyl 100, 121

IAU (International Union of Astronomy) 85, 274

ICBM 51, 237, 274

ICSU (International Council of Scientific Unions) 18, 21, 85, 115, 274

IGY (International Geophysical Year) 7-8, 17, 19-20, 22-24, 42-43, 45, 49, 59, 68, 75, 76, 82, 85-93, 95-105, 107-111, 113, 115, 124, 127, 140, 221, 274

IGY Advisory Committee 88

Incoherent scatter 83-84, 273

India 131, 176, 255-256, 260-261, 272

Intensity recorder 59, 90-91, 95-97

Interball 9, 186-188, 265

International Space Station 9-10, 13-14, 158, 181, 191, 193, 195, 197-199, 208-209, 255, 257-258, 267, 274

Ion Mass Spectrometer 9, 134, 136, 170, 173, 184, 216, 274

Ionosonde 25, 46-47, 55-56, 58-59, 68, 128

Ionosphere 20, 22-26, 45-46, 55-57, 59, 62, 64-65, 68-69, 72, 82-83, 88-90, 98, 100, 103, 115-118, 128-130, 133, 137, 140-141, 147-148, 150, 152, 161, 164, 166, 169, 184-186, 205, 214, 217, 226-227, 262, 265-266, 273

IPY (International Polar Year) 25, 34, 42, 53, 87, 274

ISAS (Institute of Space and Aeronautical Sciences) 77, 184, 186, 214-215, 231, 261, 274

ISAS (Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies) 118, 126, 274

ISIS I satellite 134, 136, 138

ISIS II satellite 94, 128, 134-139, 156, 164, 167, 182-183, 188, 206, 212, 258, 264

ISS (International Space Station) 9, 13, 181, 191, 193, 195-197, 199, 203-204, 208-209, 223, 258, 260, 263, 274

IUGG (International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics) 18-19, 85, 88, 115, 274

Jackson, John 134, 139

Jacobs, Jack 7, 31, 64, 75-79, 87-88, 261

James Webb Space Telescope 10, 235, 260, 274

Javelin rocket 129, 143, 145-146

JAXA (Japanese Space Agency) 209, 215, 231, 260-261, 274

Jelly, Doris 11, 116, 131, 175, 189

Johnson, Dennis 119-121, 186

Johnson Space Center 172, 194-195, 246, 274

Kavadas, Alex 11, 118-121, 146-147, 173, 182, 226, 229

Keldysh (Academician) 17-18

Kendall, David 11, 180, 189, 253

Kennedy, John F. 17

Kennedy Space Center 267

Kerwin, Larkin 191, 193

King, Mackenzie 29, 47

Kirton, John 120, 154, 255, 257-258, 272

Kites 35, 37, 40

Koehler, Jim 11, 120, 146-147, 186, 226

Kornelson, Ernie 68, 73

Korolev, Sergei 17

Kruschev, Nikita 18

Lagrangian point 235

Lapp, Phil 25, 155, 205

Lethbridge University 234

Lidar 241-253, 263, 265

Life Sciences 9, 160, 194-197, 201

Llewellyn, Edward J. 11, 123, 126, 171, 212, 221, 223

Lockwood, Glen 83, 138

Loran, 59, 63

Lovell, Clegg and Ellyett 61

Lowe, Robert 11, 123, 127, 159, 212

Lunik 116

Macallum, A.B. 28

MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates 158

Mackenzie, Chalmers J. 19, 30, 48-49, 52

MacLean, Steve 10-11, 178, 181, 194-195, 197, 267, 269

MAD DAWG 243-245, 275

Magnetic field 13, 23-25, 37, 40-41, 43, 46, 56, 69, 77-78, 80, 82, 92, 96, 98-99, 103, 105-107, 116, 136-139, 146, 148-150, 163, 169, 186-187, 213-215, 226-227, 260-262, 264, 274

Magnetometer 23, 59, 97, 109, 139, 163

Magnetosphere 8, 41-42, 79, 82, 103, 105, 116-117, 133, 137-139, 147-149, 156, 161, 165, 184-185, 227-228, 264, 266

Manchester University 43, 162-163

Manson, Alan 126

Marconi Group 26, 57, 59

Mars 10, 13-14, 182, 214-216, 240, 242-243, 245, 247-253, 258-260, 262-263, 265, 275

Mars Express 240, 260

Massey, Harrie 20, 80-81, 261

MATADOR 10, 245-247, 275

McConnell, John (Jack) 127, 223, 244, 261

McDade, Ian 127, 171, 223, 225

McDiarmid, Ian 11, 14, 27, 101, 138-140, 147, 162-163, 174, 176, 184

McElroy, Tom 220-221, 224, 228, 244

McEwen, Don 11, 97, 107, 138, 159, 164, 166, 186

McGill University 21, 28-30, 33-35, 43, 45-46, 58, 61, 67, 69, 80, 89, 114, 118, 127, 131, 163, 194, 196

McKinley, Don W.R. 21-22, 61, 68, 88-89, 229

McLennan, John 28, 35, 118

McNamara, Al 11, 68, 88, 91, 96, 164, 213

McNaughton, Andrew George 30, 43, 45, 47-50

McVeigh, Stuart 35, 39-40, 53

MDA (McDonald Dettwiler Associates) 159, 205, 207, 217, 247-248, 250-251, 256-257, 264, 275

Meek, Jack 56-59, 90-93, 126, 131

Meighan, Arthur 29

Meinel, Aden 72, 74, 80, 90-92, 100, 107, 121, 124

Mercury 154, 260, 263-264

Mesosphere 100, 103-104, 126, 223, 273

MET 18, 33, 44, 49, 62, 79, 87, 114, 117, 119, 131-132, 134, 137, 140, 159, 174, 205, 225, 241, 247-252, 259

Meteorological Service 33, 35-36, 53, 179, 196, 221, 224, 275

Meteorology 7, 21, 25, 54, 79, 88, 92, 160, 243, 249, 262, 273

Michelangeli, Diane 244, 246, 249, 252

Michelson interferometer 128, 173, 209-211, 217-218, 223-225, 229-230, 234, 257, 265, 276

Microgravity 9, 179, 194-196, 198-202, 274-275

Millman, Peter 61, 80, 88-89

MITCH (Mars Investigation of Total Climatological Hazards) 10, 242-245, 247, 275

Money, 28, 35, 65-66, 69, 71, 76, 135-136, 143, 175, 193, 227, 229, 261-262

Money, Ken 178, 194

MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution In The Troposphere) 9, 219-220, 223, 260, 263, 275

Morley, Larry 11, 150-151, 205

Morrow, Bill 11, 171-172

MOST 10, 14, 237-239 275

MSAT 181-182, 205

Muldrew, Don 11, 138

NANOGAS (Nanocrystal Get Away Special) 199-200, 275

NASA 8, 18, 22, 24, 74, 100, 104, 128-130, 132-134, 136, 138, 140-141, 145, 151-154, 157-159, 169, 172-175, 177-178, 180-181, 183, 191, 193-196, 201-202, 205, 207-210, 213, 218-220, 232, 235, 237, 239-242, 245-250, 255-258, 260, 263, 267, 275

NASDA 261, 275

National Research Council 7-8, 11, 19, 21-22, 27-29, 31, 34, 42-45, 54-55, 61, 77-78, 87, 111, 160-161, 164, 275

Newton, Sir Isaac 70, 198

Nicholls, Ralph 11, 72, 80-81, 84, 107, 127, 189, 241

Nike rocket 22-23, 100, 108-109, 142-144, 146

Nishida, Atsuhiro 11, 26, 77, 138

Nobel prize 45, 55, 70, 147, 161, 163, 195, 219, 262

Noctilucent clouds 103-104, 212

Norway 61, 73, 96, 107, 131, 170, 209, 213, 262

Noxon, John 122-123

Nozomi 9, 186-187, 214-216

NRC 7-9, 19, 26, 28-31, 35, 43-52, 54-56, 58, 60, 65-68, 71, 80, 84, 87-90, 92-93, 96, 98, 101, 113-114, 117, 119-120, 126, 129, 132, 135-136, 138-141, 145-149, 154, 158-170, 173, 176, 178, 180-181, 185-187, 191-194, 209, 212-217, 223, 228-229, 232, 236, 273, 275-276

Nuclear Winter 9, 176-177, 189

Obayashi, Tatsuzo 76-77, 261

Odin mission 9, 220-223, 262

OEDIPUS 9, 147, 188, 213-214, 275

OGLOW 180-181, 189, 275

Optech 242, 244, 246-251, 265

OSIRIS 221-223, 257, 265, 275

Oxygen 35, 42, 81, 95, 122-124, 135, 138, 171-172, 212, 232, 259, 268, 271, 274-276

Ozone 9, 14, 81, 92, 100, 103, 122, 124, 176-178, 180, 189, 220-223, 225, 228, 259

Paghis, Irvine 116-117, 128, 154, 158, 189

Parallactic 36, 39, 53, 73, 96, 108

Parker, Eugene 116

Patterson, Gordon 21, 25, 33, 35, 155

Payette, Julie 196, 209

Pearl Harbour 66

Personal reflection 8, 107

Petrel rocket 171

Petrie, William 55, 60, 65, 68-69, 72, 88, 90, 124

Phoenix mission 10, 53, 240-241, 243, 247-253, 260, 263, 273, 276

Photography 26, 39-40, 45, 54, 65, 108, 150-153

Photomultiplier 70-71, 73, 95, 100, 110, 182-183

Plasma resonance 138

PMDIS 9, 203-204, 275

POLAIRE 161-162, 174, 182

Polar mesospheric clouds 103, 223, 275

Pope Pius 86

Pressure Modulated Radiometer 219, 275

Prince Albert Radar Laboratory 7, 82, 126, 152, 229, 275

Propellants 24, 45, 50-51, 60, 141-142

PTV 24, 101, 141, 275

Queen’s University 34, 43-44, 47, 57, 81, 193, 229

Radar 7, 13, 23, 30, 46, 48-49, 52, 54, 58, 61-62, 65-69, 74, 79-80, 82-84, 90-92, 100, 109-110, 117-118, 126, 146, 151-152, 164, 166, 168, 179, 204-205, 208, 226-229, 241, 256-257, 263, 273, 275-276

RADARSAT 9, 13, 179, 181, 193, 204-208, 256-258, 264-265, 267, 276

Radio and Electrical Engineering Division 51, 87, 119, 145, 161, 275

Radio Physics Laboratory 60, 81-82, 90, 131, 276

Ratcliffe, Jack 81-82, 115-117

Red Lake 164

Red Line Photometer 135-136, 164, 275

REED 51-52, 88-89, 92-93, 119, 145-146, 161-162, 275

Research Enterprises Limited 48, 275

Resolute Bay 49, 84, 90-93, 96-99, 141, 150

Resonance Ltd 172-173

Rettie, Dick 120, 145

Rigden, John 17, 31

Roach, Franklin 91

Rocket 8-9, 13, 20-24, 26, 43-45, 51, 77, 83, 99-102, 104, 108-110, 114, 116, 118-121, 123, 125, 127-129, 132, 134-136, 140-150, 154, 158, 163, 165-167, 169-172, 182, 186, 188, 200, 207, 212-214, 216-218, 223, 225-226, 229, 231-232, 256, 262-263, 266, 273, 275

Roosevelt, Franklin D. 62

Rose, Donald Charles 7, 11, 19-22, 25-29, 31, 33, 42-51, 60, 64, 79, 83, 88-91, 99, 101, 106, 114, 127-128, 132, 135, 139-142, 145, 162-163, 205, 229

Rosetta mission 260

Rostoker, Gordon 11, 77-78, 159, 228

Rowland, Henry Augustus 70

Russia 13, 88, 93, 188, 195, 200, 208, 231, 237, 256, 261, 263, 274

Rutherford, Ernest 29, 43, 71, 163

Saint Hubert 191, 207

Saskatchewan 8, 13, 21, 25, 27-30, 33-36, 38, 40-41, 48, 53-55, 59-62, 65-68, 72, 83-84, 88, 90, 92-93, 95-97, 100, 107-108, 117, 120, 125-128, 146, 154, 159, 164-166, 177-178, 186, 207, 209, 212, 214, 217, 222-223, 226, 228-229, 274, 276

Saskatoon 7, 29, 33, 41, 45, 53-55, 61, 65-69, 71-75, 80, 83, 90-96, 98, 108, 116, 118, 120, 122-127, 173, 177-178, 196, 200, 209, 221, 226-228

Satellite 9, 13-14, 17-18, 24, 27, 33, 60, 69, 83-87, 89, 94, 102, 104-105, 114, 127-132, 135, 137, 139, 147, 149-162, 170, 174, 177, 179, 181-184, 186-188, 200, 202-203, 205, 207, 209-211, 216-218, 220-226, 228, 231-233, 237, 239, 242, 255-258, 261-262, 264-267, 270, 273-274, 276

SCCO 9, 200, 276

Schiff, Harold 80, 127, 241

Science Council 114, 155

SCISAT 9, 14, 188, 223-225, 257-258, 264

Scott, Jim 56-58, 60, 88, 116, 131

Scott, Robert Falcon 78-79

SED 8, 119-121, 126, 146, 149, 170, 173, 175, 177, 184-185

Shackleton, Ernest Henry 35, 79

Shemansky,Don 72, 74, 121

Shepherd, Gordon 11, 13, 73-75, 118, 127, 134-136, 159, 161, 164-165, 167, 173-174, 182, 209, 212, 225, 228, 241, 244

Shepherd, Marianna 212

Shirley Bay 21, 59-60, 67, 82, 158, 229

Shrum, Gordon 28, 35, 122

Shuttle 8-9, 13-14, 153, 158, 160, 170, 173-174, 178-181, 194-197, 199, 201-203, 208-210, 213, 224, 255-256, 267-268, 276

Singlet delta 8, 121-123

SMS 9, 170, 173, 184-186, 214

Sodium 23, 42, 74-75, 100-101, 124-126, 144

Sofko, George 11, 226

Soft Particle Spectrometer 134, 164, 276

SOHO 259, 276

Solandt, Omand 113-114, 155

Solar 8, 14, 25-26, 40, 42, 46, 52-53, 56, 60, 70, 75, 83, 85, 87-89, 91-92, 98, 103-105, 107, 116-117, 125-126, 128-129, 133, 137, 146, 149, 158, 163-164, 166, 175-176, 179, 182, 185, 197, 207, 212, 215-216, 220, 223-224, 227, 233, 235, 259-260, 264, 266-267, 270-272, 274, 276

Solar flux 52

Solar maximum 146

Solar wind 8, 103, 105, 116, 137, 149, 215, 227, 264, 266

Space Science Coordination Office 160, 276

Spacecraft 13, 18, 116, 129-130, 132-137, 139-140, 156, 158, 161, 164, 171-173, 175, 182, 185-188, 194, 196-198, 200, 205-208, 211, 215-216, 219, 221-222, 224-225, 231-233, 239, 242, 249-250, 257, 260, 273-276

Spar Aerospace 129, 157, 159, 181, 205, 207, 256-257

SPEAM 179-181, 189, 224, 276

Spectrometer 9, 70-75, 92, 96-97, 109-110, 121, 123-124, 134, 136, 151, 164, 170, 172-173, 184-185, 216, 221-222, 224, 234, 251, 274, 276

Sputnik 7, 17-18, 31, 49, 63, 83, 86-87, 104, 193

Steacie, Edgar William Richard 49

Stoffregen, Willy 59, 61

Storey, Owen 97, 115-116

Størmer camera 35, 67, 73-74, 80-81, 105, 262

STRATOPROBE 9, 124, 177-178

STS-115 197, 267, 269

Submarines 26, 57, 78

Sulphur Mountain 49, 98-99, 127-128

Sun photometer 179, 276

Sunset 42, 103, 180, 224, 270-271

Sunspot 52, 59, 103-104, 133

SuperDARN 226-228, 276

Surrey Space Centre 262, 276

Sussex Drive 29, 44-45, 48, 191, 193

Swedish 9, 106, 138, 176, 182-183, 186, 220-222, 258, 262, 276

SWIFT 9, 92, 225, 261, 265

Taylor, Russ 231

Taylor, Peter 244, 246, 249, 251

Temperature 18, 23, 35, 37, 40, 70, 73-74, 76, 80, 92, 97, 100, 102-104, 106, 109, 133, 148, 166, 176, 184, 186-187, 200, 209, 218-220, 226, 231, 233, 243, 247, 250-252, 259, 264, 268

Temple of science 29-30, 44, 48

Terra 219-220, 259-260, 263

Terraforming 259

The Hague 18-20

Thirsk, Bob 178, 195-196, 209

Thistle, Mel 27, 31

Thuillier, Gerard 174, 213

Tokyo 77, 166, 172, 185, 261

Topside sounder 24, 102, 128-129, 131, 133-134, 136, 156, 173, 205

Toronto 18-19, 21, 25, 28, 31, 35-37, 42, 48, 53, 75-77, 79-81, 88-89, 92, 106, 113-114, 117-118, 121, 124-127, 129, 133, 154-156, 170, 172, 178, 194-196, 200, 212, 217-219, 221, 223, 229, 237, 241-242, 250, 257, 272, 276

Tory, Henry Marshall 29-30, 43-44, 49

TPA 9, 214-217, 276

Trent University 212

Truman, Harry S. 17

Tryggvason, Bjarni 178, 196, 198

UARS 9, 174-175, 209, 211, 265, 276

Uffen, Bob 154

UK 13, 26, 34, 45, 48, 50-51, 99, 114, 130-131, 140, 142, 147, 163, 196, 205, 219, 237, 260-262, 275

Ultra Violet Imager 176, 182-183, 276

Universities, (see also individual names, Alberta, Calgary, etc.) 7-9, 13-14, 18-19, 21, 25-31, 33-36, 38, 40-41, 43-44, 46-49, 53-55, 58-65, 67-69, 71-72, 74-86, 88-97, 99-100, 105-109, 113-122, 124-127

URSI 85, 115, 276

US Air Force 18, 84, 113, 123, 126, 140, 143, 242

US Army 18, 100, 108-109, 140, 142-143, 275

USAF 63-66, 72, 80, 82-83, 124, 126, 144, 276

Valcartier 9, 21, 49-50, 101, 114, 176-177, 244, 274

Vallance Jones, Alister 11, 71-73, 91, 95, 118, 121-124, 126, 159, 182-183, 217, 226, 261

Van Allen, James (radiation belts) 8, 18, 25-26, 85, 104-105, 107, 109, 116, 132, 138

Vandenberg 132, 207

Vanguard 18, 105

Vawter, Floyd 66-67

Vegard, Lars 69-74, 80, 86, 262

Velvet Glove missile 51, 142

Very Long Baseline Interferometry 10, 229-230, 276

Viking 9, 128, 180, 182-185, 187, 221, 251, 258, 262, 265, 276

Von Braun, Wernher 105, 173

WAMDII 9, 173-176, 180, 182, 210, 276

War 7, 18, 26-28, 30-31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41-43, 45, 47-57, 59-63, 65-66, 68-70, 76-78, 80, 84-85, 87-88, 113-114, 118-119, 127, 141-142, 150, 152, 163, 172, 176-177, 189, 221

Watanabe, Tomiya 77, 186

Waterloo 223, 234, 244

Welsh, Harry 217, 229, 241

Western Ontario 7, 21, 69, 80-81, 107, 120, 127, 131, 154-155, 159, 169, 194, 196, 212, 214-215, 228, 263, 276

Weyprecht, Karl 34

Whalen, Brian 11, 121, 147-148, 150, 164, 166, 168-170, 173, 184-186, 213-216

Whiteway, Jim 226, 249, 251

Wiens, Rudy 212

Williams, K. 120

Williams Lake, 121

Williams, Dave 196-197, 203-204, 209

Wilson, J.Tuzo. 18-19, 31, 75-76, 84, 87-89

Wilson, Brian 21, 99, 127-128

Wilson, Margaret 139

Wilson, Peter 53

WINDII 9, 125, 174-175, 209-213, 217, 223, 225, 257, 265, 276

WISP 173-174, 276

Wright, Sir Charles Seymour 7, 48, 77-79

Yau, Andrew 11, 184-186, 216-217, 245, 264

York University 63, 65, 80, 125, 127, 134, 136, 149, 154, 159, 164-166, 170-173, 177-179, 194, 197, 203, 212, 214, 223, 225-226, 231, 238, 241, 243-244, 246, 249, 259, 261, 263-264, 267, 273

Young, Bob 127, 170-173